A really weak solar flare without any influence on Earth. It have a particular range of energy output of X-ray radiation of 1E-6 minor or equal to I minor 1E-5. Top

Winds which shift in a counterclockwise direction with time at a given location (e.g. from southerly to southeasterly), or change direction in a counterclockwise sense with height (e.g. westerly at the surface but becoming more southerly aloft). Top

Bands are extensive gravity waves, long-lasting wave patterns which exhibit horizontal wavelengths of several tens of kilometers and horizontal phase velocities up to 100 m/s. These patterns have been attributed to freely propagating or ducted short-period gravity waves. Top

Consist of an energetic electron or positron traveling on space. It is more ionizing than alpha radiation, but less than gamma. This particle radiation can often be stopped with a few centimeters of metal. Top

It is a specific magnetic field aligned current in the Earth’s magnetosphere which flows from the magnetotail towards the Earth on the dawn side and in the other direction on the dusk side of the magnetosphere. Top

Is designed as a region with so powerful gravity that nothing not ever light (photons) can escape. A Black Hole absorbs every incident light like a perfect black-body (thermodynamics). Its existence in regions of the space can be determined indirectly by observing the shift and bending of light and by the behavior of the heavenly bodies around. Top

A hypothetical "body" that absorbs all of the electromagnetic radiation striking it - it does not reflect or transmit any of the incident radiation. A blackbody not only absorbs all wavelengths, but emits at all wavelengths with the maximum possible intensity for any given temperature. Top

The electromagnetic radiation emitted by an ideal blackbody adhering to the radiation laws; it is the theoretical maximum amount of electromagnetic radiation of all wavelengths that can be emitted by a body at a given temperature. Top

Low emissions that occur from the top of the cumulonimbus above a thunderstorm, typically in a narrow cone, to the lowest levels of the ionosphere 40 to 50 km (25 to 30 miles) above the earth. The color blue is believed to be due to a set of blue and near-ultraviolet emission lines from neutral and ionized molecular nitrogen. Top

Is the shortening of a transmitted signal's wavelength, and/or an increase in its frequency, due to the Doppler Effect, which indicates that the object is moving toward the observer. Top

It is simply a type of force, and so it has the same dimensions as force. However, it is often convenient to talk about a body force in terms of either the force per unit volume or the force per unit mass. If the force per unit volume is of interest, it is referred to as the force density throughout the system. A body force is distinct from a normal force or shear force in that the force does not require contact for transmission. Top

A steep wave that moves up narrowing channels, produced either by regular tidal events, or as the result of a tsunami. Top

It is a Spread-F type observed by coherent radar plots (RTI - Range Time Integration) and is the plume precursor layer that still has influence of E region and westwards drifts. Top

The narrow layer that appear after the plume development occurrence. Top

A boundary between a magnetosphere and an ambient medium. For stars, this is typically the boundary between their stellar wind and the interstellar medium. In a planetary magnetosphere, the bow shock is the boundary at which the speed of the solar wind abruptly drops as a result of its approach to the magnetopause. Top

A sub-stellar object – one that is intermediate in mass between a star and a planet; brown dwarfs are sometimes described as "failed stars" because they are not massive enough to have initiated hydrogen fusion in their cores. It can be defined by its mass or its origin. Top

In atmospheric dynamics, oceanography, and geophysics, the Brunt–Väisälä frequency, or buoyancy frequency, is the frequency of adiabatic oscillation which a vertically displaced parcel will oscillate over its equilibrium state in a statically stable environment. Top Buoyancy Frequency – See Brunt–Väisälä frequency.

See Brunt–Väisälä frequency. Top